There are many kinds of measuring tools and instruments commonly used in electrical engineering, including basic measuring tools such as voltmeter, ammeter and resistance meter, as well as measuring instruments such as oscilloscope, spectrum analyzer and power quality analyzer. Some common measuring tools and instruments will be introduced in detail below.
1. Voltmeter (potentiometer): used to measure the voltage value in the circuit. It can be divided into analog voltmeter and digital voltmeter according to the different measuring range.
2. ammeter: used to measure the current value in the circuit. It can be divided into analog ammeter and digital ammeter according to the different measuring range.
3. Resistance meter: used to measure the resistance value in the circuit. According to the different measuring range, it can be divided into analog resistance meter and digital resistance meter.
4. Multimeter: a general measuring instrument integrating voltmeter, ammeter, resistance meter and other functions.
5. Oscilloscope: used to measure the frequency, amplitude, waveform and other parameters of voltage signals. It can display the time domain waveform and frequency domain spectrogram of the signal.
6. Spectrum analyzer: It is used to measure the spectrum distribution of signals and can display the frequency domain characteristics of signals.
7. Power quality analyzer: used to measure power quality parameters in power system, such as voltage, current, power factor, harmonics, etc.
8. Watt-hour meter: used to measure the power consumption in the power system, which can be divided into electric watt-hour meter and electrostatic watt-hour meter.
9. Network analyzer: It is used to measure parameters such as current, voltage, power and power factor in the power system, and can analyze characteristics such as frequency response and impedance of the circuit.
10. Ultrasonic measuring instrument: used to measure parameters such as distance, flow rate and pressure, and to carry out nondestructive testing.
11. Thermal imager: used to measure the infrared radiation on the surface of objects, and can monitor the temperature distribution for fault detection and prevention.
12. Insulation resistance tester: used to measure the insulation resistance of equipment and lines to evaluate insulation performance.
13. Grounding resistance tester: used to measure the grounding resistance of grounding system to ensure safe grounding.
14. High-voltage insulation resistance tester: used to measure the insulation resistance of high-voltage equipment to evaluate the insulation state of the equipment.
15. Environmental measuring instruments: such as temperature and humidity meter, illuminance meter, etc., are used to measure environmental parameters to evaluate the working environment of electrical equipment.
16. Data collector: used to collect electrical signals, convert them into digital signals and transmit them to the computer for analysis and processing.
17. Power supply load: used to test the output current, voltage and other parameters of the power supply to evaluate the performance of the power supply.
18. Logic analyzer: used to measure the logic signal of digital circuit to analyze and diagnose the logic function of the circuit.
19. Acetate chromatograph: It is used to measure the decomposition products of oil and gas in transformers and cables, so as to evaluate the state and failure of equipment.
20. Optical cable measuring instrument: used to measure attenuation, reflection and other parameters in optical fiber to evaluate optical fiber communication quality.
The above are commonly used measuring tools and instruments in electrical engineering, which play an important role in the design, construction, operation and maintenance of electrical engineering, and provide strong technical support for ensuring the safe operation of electrical systems.